PENERAPAN PRINSIP KERJA SAMA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA DI SMA NEGERI 1 BANJARMASIN (THE APPLICATIONS OF COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLES ON THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF INDONESIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE AT SMA NEGERI 1 BANJARMASIN)

Abstract

Abstract
The Applications of Cooperative Principles on the Teaching and Learning of Indonesian
Language and Literature at SMA Negeri 1 Banjarmasin. A teaching and learning
process needs a speech act. Speech act represents a psychological individual symptom,
and the continuity of a speech act is determined by the speaker’s language ability in
facing a language situation. Therefore, both the teacher and students need to pay
attention on the aspects of cooperative in holding a speech act. The aspects of
cooperative tend to give details about the attainment of effectiveness in a communication
process. This research is aimed to find out objectively the description about the
application of the cooperative maxim and the contribution of the cooperative toward
the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process. The framework of this research
was based on the theories which consist of cooperative maxim theory by Grice. This
research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Banjarmasin by collecting the data in form of
the language usage in teaching and learning interaction in the classroom. This research
uses qualitative approach, descriptive method, and observation technique. The data
analysis was conducted after collecting the data. Even though there were any failures
in the performance, the research result showed that the optimum cooperative maxim
application was done effectively. The cooperative maxim was able to streamline the
teaching and learning process.
Keywords: speech acts, cooperative maxim, effectiveness of learning
Abstrak
Penerapan prinsip Kerja Sama dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia di
SMA Negeri 1 Banjarmasin. Sebuah proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran
membutuhkan tindak tutur. Tindak tutur merupakan gejala individual psikologis, dan
kelangsungan suatu tindak tutur ditentukan oleh kemampuan bahasa pembicara dalam
menghadapi situasi bahasa. Oleh karena itu, baik guru dan siswa perlu memperhatikan
aspek kerja sama dalam memegang tindak tutur. Aspek kerja sama cenderung
memberikan rincian tentang pencapaian efektivitas dalam proses komunikasi. Penelitian
ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran objektif tentang penerapan maksim kerja
sama dan kontribusi kerja sama terhadap efektivitas proses pengajaran dan
pembelajaran. Kerangka penelitian ini didasarkan pada teori-teori yang terdiri dari
teori maksim kerja sama oleh Grice. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1
Banjarmasin dengan mengumpulkan data dalam bentuk penggunaan bahasa dalam
proses belajar-mengajar interaksi di dalam kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan
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pendekatan kualitatif, metode deskriptif, dan teknik observasi. Analisis data dilakukan
setelah mengumpulkan data. Meskipun ada kegagalan dalam kinerja, hasil penelitian
menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi maksim kerja sama optimal dilakukan secara efektif.
Maksim kerja sama mampu merampingkan proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran.
Kata-kata kunci: tindak tutur, maksim kerja sama, efektivitas pembelajaran.